What is function group?

Former Member · ‎03-04-2008

What is function group? what is the purpose of it while creating function module .

thanks .

Edited by: Alvaro Tejada Galindo on Mar 4, 2008 3:14 PM

Former Member · ‎03-04-2008

Hi,

FUNCTION GROUP:

-

It is a container of user-defined function modules. Function modules created should be specified a function group, where it can be accessed globally then.

To create a function group, use following navigations:

SE80 -> Select Function Group from drop-down list box -> Specify function group name starting with Z or Y -> Press Enter -> Click on Yes to create object -> Enter short description -> Save under a package -> Assign a request number -> A function group is created in a function library.

Regards,

Priya.

Former Member · ‎03-04-2008

Hi,

check out this link..

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/en/9f/db988735c111d1829f0000e829fbfe/content.htm

FUNCTION MODULES:

-

It is a modularization technique.
It can be called from any different clients.
It can return a value.

FUNCTION GROUP:

-

It is a container of user-defined function modules. Function modules created should be specified a function group, where it can be accessed globally then.

To create a function group, use following navigations:

SE80 -> Select Function Group from drop-down list box -> Specify function group name starting with Z or Y -> Press Enter -> Click on Yes to create object -> Enter short description -> Save under a package -> Assign a request number -> A function group is created in a function library.

TYPES OF FUNCTION MODULES:

-

1. NORMAL FUNCTION MODULE - It can be called only from within the same client.

2. REMOTE-ENABLED FUNCTION MODULE - It can be called either from within the same client or different client.

Navigations to create a function module:

-

SE37 -> Opens Function Builder Screen -> Specify function module name starting with Z or Y -> Click on Create -> Opens an interface -> Specify function group -> Enter short description -> Click on Continue -> Discard the message -> Opens Function Builder Interface -> In the IMPORT tab button, specify the following parameters:

A TYPE I

B TYPE I

In the EXPORT tab button, specify the following parameter:

C TYPE I

In the SOURCE CODE tab button, write the following arithmetic operation statement:

C = A + B.

Save the FM -> Activate.

To invoke the function module from the program, use 'CTRL+F6' shortcut key. Write the following code:

DATA : X TYPE I VALUE '100', Y TYPE I VALUE '200', Z TYPE I.

CALL FUNCTION 'ZBASKAR' (CTRL+F6)

EXPORTING

A = X

B = Y

IMPORTING

C = Z .

WRITE Z.

Save -> Activate -> Execute.

PASSING INTERNAL TABLE AS AN ARGUMENT:

-

Create a FM with the above navigations. In the TABLES tab button, specify the following parameter:

ITAB LIKE KNA1.

In the SOURCE CODE tab button, specify the following code:

LOOP AT ITAB.

WRITE 😕 ITAB-KUNNR, ITAB-NAME1, ITAB-LAND1, ITAB-ORT01.

ENDLOOP.

Save -> Activate.

In the SE38 editor, write the following code to pass internal table as an argument:

DATA KTAB LIKE KNA1 OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.

SELECT * FROM KNA1 INTO TABLE KTAB .

CALL FUNCTION 'ZBASKAR'

TABLES

ITAB = KTAB.

Save -> Activate -> Execute.

TO CHANGE THE VALUE OR CHARACTER OF A VALUE (UPPERCASE TO LOWER CASE OR VICE VERSA):

-

Click on CHANGING tab button, specify the following parameter:

STR TYPE C.

In the SOURCE CODE tab button, specify the following code:

TRANSLATE STR TO UPPER CASE.

Save -> Activate.

In the SE38 editor, write the following code:

DATA A(10) VALUE 'karthik'.

CALL FUNCTION 'ZBASKAR'

CHANGING

STR = A .

write a.

Save -> Activate -> Execute.

EXCEPTION HANDLING IN FUNCTION MODULE:

-

Click on EXCEPTIONS tab button, specify the following parameters:

TABLE_LESS_SIZE

TABLE_MORE_SIZE

Click on SOURCE CODE tab button, specify the following code:

IF SY-TFILL < 10.

RAISE TABLE_LESS_SIZE.

ELSEIF SY-TFILL > 10.

RAISE TABLE_MORE_SIZE.

ENDIF.

Save -> Activate.

In SE38 editor, write the following code:

DATA KTAB LIKE KNA1 OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.

SELECT * FROM KNA1 INTO TABLE KTAB UP TO 5 ROWS.

CALL FUNCTION 'ZBASKAR'

EXCEPTIONS

TABLE_LESS_SIZE = 1

TABLE_MORE_SIZE = 2

OTHERS = 3 .

DESCRIBE TABLE KTAB.

IF SY-SUBRC = 1.

WRITE 😕 'INTERNAL TABLE SIZE IS LESS'.

ELSEIF SY-SUBRC = 2.

WRITE 😕 'INTERNAL TABLE SIZE IS MORE'.

ELSEIF SY-SUBRC = 3.

WRITE 😕 'INTERNAL TABLE HAS CORRECT NUMBER OF VALUES'.

ENDIF.

Some of the common function modules used in BDC and Reports:

-

BDC_OPEN_GROUP

BDC_CLOSE_GROUP

BDC_INSERT

UPLOAD

DOWNLOAD

WS_UPLOAD

WS_DOWNLOAD

REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

Hope this helps u,

Regards,

Arunsri

Edited by: Arunsri on Mar 4, 2008 10:41 AM

Former Member · ‎03-04-2008

Hi,

A function module is a subroutine with the corresponding function that is centrally

stored in the Function Library of the SAP system. Each function module has an

interface for importing or exporting parameters. The main purpose of function

modules is their reusability. Hence, they belong to the so called reuse components.

Function modules are organized into function groups. Each function group is a

collection of function modules that have similar functions and/or process the same

data.

A function group can contain the same components as an executable program. These

include:

Data objects These are global in relation to the function group, that is, they are visible to and

changeable by all function modules within the group.

Subroutines

These can be called from all function modules in the group.

Screens

These can be called from all function modules in the group.

The properties of a function module include, among other things, the short description

and the function group it belongs to.

As is the case with subroutines, a function module can contain local type and data

object definitions. These can only be seen within the function module.

The interface of a function module can contain the following elements:

• Import parameters: They can receive the values or variables of the calling

program when the function module is called. The optional parameters do not

have to be supplied with data during the call.

• Export parameters: The calling program accepts the output of the function

module through the assignment of a “receiving variable.” Export parameters are

always optional.

• Changing parameters: It is possible to pass the variables of the calling program

that are changed by the function module to the changing parameters.

• Exceptions: They can be triggered by the function module in certain error

situations and provide information on the respective processing error in the

function module. Exceptions should be treated by the calling program.

In general, the interface parameters are assigned to types from the ABAP Dictionary.

If a program calls a function module, the entire corresponding function group is

loaded and the function module is executed. The function group remains loaded in

the working memory until the calling program is closed. Calling another function

module of this group is thus processed without repeat loading and with the same

global data of the function group.

Thus, if a function module that writes values to the global data of the function group is

called, other function modules in the same function group can access this data when

they are called in the same program run.

Apart from the global data of its function group a function module can also access its

own, locally defined data objects as well as its interface parameters. The latter are

used to accept data or return it to the calling program.

Searching for Function Modules

Theapplication-related search through the Application Hierarchy should be

used whenever you want to search for function modules within one/several

application components.

• You use the free search via the Repository Information System if you search for

function modules independent of application components.

• Theprogram-related search should be used if the function module you are

searching for is called within an existing program.

Once you find a function module, you should first find out whether it has been released

(attributes of the function modules), because you only have the right to support and

upward compatibility when you use released function modules. We recommend only

using released function modules.

You can use the documentation of the function module to find out about its

functionality and obtain further information.

Regards,

Omkaram.

Former Member · ‎03-04-2008