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Understanding Production Order Variance - Part 3 Price Difference Variance
Author: Ranjit Simon John
In my blog "Understanding Production Order Variance - Part 2 The SAP Perspective" I have mentioned the main resaons for varinace in production order. In this blog let us see in detail the price difference variacne posted during order settlement.
Input Price Variance:
Input price variance occurs as a result of material price change after the higher level material cost estimate is released.
It occurs in any of the below mentioned scenarios;
- If the material valuation is based on standard price control, a standard cost estimate for the component could be released after the cost estimate for the assembly is released.
- If the material valuation is based on Moving average price control, a goods receipt of the component could change the component price after the cost estimate for the material is released.
Input price variance = (actual price – plan price) * actual input quantity
Let us try to understand How Price difference variance occours;
Let The Price difference Variance will be posted mainly during the following process;
a) Process Order Confirmation
Price difference variance occours mainly due to the following reasons;
1) Different Raw Material Price in released Standard Cost Estimate and Process Order Confirmation
2) Change of Standard Price of Finished or Semi Finished Good.
b) Cancellation of Process Order Confirmation
Price difference variance occours mainly due to the following reasons;
1) Raw Material Price Difference
2) Finished / Semi Finished Good Price Difference
Let us try to analyse the scenarios one by one;
Let us take Raw Material "RM1" as an example;
The Standard Cost Estimate released for Finished Good "FG1" is as Follows;
Raw Material Std. Rate -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 1 (FG1), Released on 01.01.2012
Raw Material Std. Quantity -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 1 (FG1), Released on 01.01.2012
| Material / OverHead | Std. Rate | Std. Quantity | Std. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Material 1 (RM1) | 25.00 | 1.00 | 25.00 |
| Raw Material 2 (RM2) | 10.00 | 1.00 | 10.00 |
| Raw Material 3 (RM3) | 60.00 | 1.00 | 60.00 |
| Raw Material 4 (RM4) | 15.00 | 1.00 | 15.00 |
| ADMIN | 1.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
| DEPRIN | 1.75 | 1.00 | 1.75 |
| MACOOH | 1.25 | 1.00 | 1.25 |
| LABOUR | 1.30 | 1.00 | 1.30 |
| POWER | 0.43 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Finished Good 1 (FG1) | 116.23 | 1.00 | 116.23 |
Table 1.0
Scenario 1:
a) Process Order Confirmation:
a.1) Different Raw Material Price in released Standard Cost Estimate and Process Order Confirmation
1000 TO of Finished Good "FG1" confirmed (Produced).
Planned and Actual Material Consumption for "FG1" (1000 TO);
Raw Material Std. Rate -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 1 (FG1), Released on 01.01.2012
Raw Material Actual Rate -> As per Moving Average Price as on 01.02.2012
| Material / OverHead | Std. Rate | Std. Quantity | Std. Cost | Actual Rate | Actual Quantity | Actual Cost | Variance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Material 1 (RM1) | 25.00 | 1000.00 | 25,000.00 | 35.00 | 1000.00 | 35,000.00 | (10,000.00) |
| Raw Material 2 (RM2) | 10.00 | 1000.00 | 10,000.00 | 15.00 | 1000.00 | 15,000.00 | (5,000.00) |
| Raw Material 3 (RM3) | 60.00 | 1000.00 | 60,000.00 | 57.00 | 1000.00 | 57,000.00 | 3,000.00 |
| Raw Material 4 (RM4) | 15.00 | 1000.00 | 15,000.00 | 15.00 | 1000.00 | 15,000.00 | 0.00 |
| ADMIN | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 0.00 |
| DEPRIN | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 0.00 |
| MACOOH | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 0.00 |
| LABOUR | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 0.00 |
| POWER | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.00 |
| Finished Good (FG1) | 116.23 | 1000.00 | 116,230.00 | 128.23 | 1000.00 | 128,230.00 | (12,000.00) |
Table 2.0
The variance has been posted because of the change in Raw Material Price.
a.2) Change of Standard Price of Finished or Semi Finished Good
Let us consider Finished Good 2 for explaining the scenario.
Released Standard Cost Estimate for Finished Good 2 "FG2" is;
Semi FInished Good Std. Rate -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 2 (FG2), Released on 01.01.2012
Semi Finished Good Std. Quantity -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 2 (FG2), Released on 01.01.2012
| Material / OverHead | Std. Rate | Std. Quantity | Std. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Material 1 (RM1) | 10.00 | 1.00 | 10.00 |
| Semi FInished Good 1 (SFG1) | 25.00 | 1.00 | 25.00 |
| Semi FInished Good 2 (SFG2) | 20.00 | 1.00 | 20.00 |
| ADMIN | 1.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
| DEPRIN | 1.75 | 1.00 | 1.75 |
| MACOOH | 1.25 | 1.00 | 1.25 |
| LABOUR | 1.30 | 1.00 | 1.30 |
| POWER | 0.43 | 1.00 | 0.43 |
| Finished Good 2 (FG2) | 61.23 | 1.00 | 61.23 |
Table 3.0
Let us consider that Standard Cost Etimate for Semi Finished Good 1 ("SFG1") was released on 01.02.2012.
New Standard Cost of SFG1 = 35.00
Standard Cost Estimate for "FG2" was not run or released after "SFG1" cost estimate release.
Planned and Actual Material Consumption for "FG2" (1000 TO);
Semi Finished Good Std. Rate -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Finished Good 2 (FG2) , Released on 01.01.2012
Semi Finished Good Actual Rate -> As per Released Standard Cost Estimate of Semi Finished Good (SFG) , Released on 01.02.2012
| Material / OverHead | Std. Rate | Std. Quantity | Std. Cost | Actual Rate | Actual Quantity | Actual Cost | Variance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Material 1 (RM1) | 10.00 | 1000.00 | 10,000.00 | 10.00 | 1000.00 | 10,000.00 | 0.00 |
| Semi Finished Good 1 (SFG1) | 25.00 | 1000.00 | 25,000.00 | 35.00 | 1000.00 | 35,000.00 | (10,000.00) |
| Semi Finished Good 2 (SFG2) | 20.00 | 1000.00 | 20,000.00 | 18.00 | 1000.00 | 18,000.00 | 2,000.00 |
| ADMIN | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 0.00 |
| DEPRIN | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 0.00 |
| MACOOH | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 0.00 |
| LABOUR | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 0.00 |
| POWER | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.00 |
| Finished Good 2 (FG2) | 61.23 | 1000.00 | 61,230.00 | 69.23 | 1000.00 | 69,230.00 | (8,000.00) |
Table 4.0
Scenario 2:
b) Cancellation of Process Order Confirmation
b.1) Raw Material Price Difference
If the Moving Average Price of Raw Material during confirmation (Production) of Finished Good 3 "FG3" is different from the Moving Average Price when the confirmation is reversed, price difference will be posted.
For Example: 1000 TO Finished Good 3 FG3 Confirmed.
Note:
Std. Rate -> During Confimration of Finished Good 3 (FG3)
Std. Quantity -> During Confimration of Finished Good 3 (FG3)
Std. Cost -> During Confimration of Finished Good 3 (FG3)
Actual Rate -> During Finished Good 3 (FG3) Confimration Cancellation
Actual Quantity -> During Finished Good 3 (FG3) Confimration Cancellation
Actual Cost -> During Finished Good 3 (FG3) Confimration Cancellation
| Material / OverHead | Std. Rate | Std. Qty. | Std. Cost | Act. Rate | Act. Qty. | Act. Cost | Variance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Material 1 (RM1) | 10.00 | 1000.00 | 10,000.00 | 8.00 | 1000.00 | 8,000.00 | 2,000.00 |
| Raw Material 2 (RM2) | 20.00 | 1000.00 | 20,000.00 | 22.00 | 1000.00 | 22,000.00 | (2,000.00) |
| Raw Material 3 (RM3) | 25.00 | 1000.00 | 25,000.00 | 30.00 | 1000.00 | 30,000.00 | (5,000.00) |
| ADMIN | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 1.50 | 1000.00 | 1,500.00 | 0.00 |
| DEPRIN | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 1.75 | 1000.00 | 1,750.00 | 0.00 |
| MACOOH | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 1.30 | 1000.00 | 1,300.00 | 0.00 |
| LABOUR | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 1.25 | 1000.00 | 1,250.00 | 0.00 |
| POWER | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.43 | 1000.00 | 430.00 | 0.00 |
| Finished Good 3 (FG3) | 61.23 | 1000.00 | 61,230.00 | 66.23 | 1000.00 | 66,230.00 | (5,000.00) |
Table 5.0
The GL Entries Posted during Confirmation of Finished Good 3 (Production);
| Debit | Credit | |
|---|---|---|
| Stock of Finished Good 3 (FG3) | XXX | |
| COGM of Finished Good 3 (FG3) | XXX | |
| Raw Material Consumption | XXX | |
| Stock of Raw Material | XXX |
Table 6.0
Figure 1.0
The GL Entries Posted during Confirmation Cancellation:
| Debit | Credit | |
|---|---|---|
| COGM of Finished Good 3 (FG3) | XXX | |
| Stock of Finished Good 3 (FG3) | XXX | |
| Stock of Raw Material | XXX | |
| Raw Material Consumption | XXX | |
| Price Diff-Production Order Variance | XXX |
Table 7.0
b.2) Finished / Semi Finished Good Price Difference
When a cost estimate for a finished / semi finished good is released and the higher level product cost estimate is not updated.
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