The behaviour of the Oracle Instance in case of a Shutdown of its Windows Service is controlled by the registry entries in HKLM\Oracle\HomeX
ORA_<DBSID>_SHUTDOWN = TRUE|FALSE
this one controls wether the instance will be shutdown on Service shutdown
ORA_<DBSID>_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT = 30 (Seconds)
this one controls how long the service will wait for completing the shutdown until it aborts the shutdown
ORA_<DBSID>_SHUTDOWN_TYPE = i|n|a
i = immediate
n = normal
a = abort
An SAP (Start)Service will also shutdown the instance in case of a ServiceShutdown (via Stop Service).
When Windows is shutting down it will send every Service a Shutdown notification message. The services typically implement their own shutdown. But Windows will only wait a very short time (depending on the windows version but typically 30-60 seconds) for the services to shutdown until it will kill the Services Process. This is the point where it is not guranteed the the shutdown of the database will happen that way you want it.
If you are interested in a controlled shutdown you have to write a script which implements this.
Peter
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