
With the continuous increase of new customers to SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, we have received more questions regarding upgrading which occurs every six months, in February and August every year. Although we have several official documents covering this topic, to help our customers and consultants get a quick answer for their questions, I intend to use the Questions and Answers format within this blog. The content will be updated as soon as new information (including questions) becomes available.
If you are interested in learning the overall processes of upgrading and patching the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, please read my companion blog Understand Upgrading and Patching Processes of SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition.
In the parenthesis after each question, I mark the relevance of the question to 2-System Landscape or 3-System Landscape, or both.
Currently, there are two major upgrades for the solution, in February and August each year. They are named as year + month. For example, Release 2402 is for February of 2024.
Between two major upgrades, there are patches or so called Hot Fix Collections (HFC). Patches are performed every two weeks. HFCs are applied over the weekend during scheduled system maintenance window. One weekend contains corrections only. Another weekend contains corrections as well as new innovations (Continuous Feature Delivery, or CFD). Details are provided in answers to Question 11.
References:
The entire upgrade lasts four weeks to cover all three systems: Development, Test and Production.
Up to 2408 Upgrade, four weeks are distributed as following:
For each system's upgrade, it is conducted during the weekend. For US customers, it starts from 10:00 UTC or 5:00 am ET on Saturday and ends at 10:00 UTC or 5:00 am ET on Sunday. For other regions, please refer to below reference.
Customers will be notified about the upcoming upgrade six weeks before the Test System upgrade.
Reference:
In the world of SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, we define the following system maintenance activities and their application frequencies:
References:
On Friday of the system upgrade week, a customer is preparing to do the data migration on the Production System but got the below system error message.
The reason is that the system is in the uptime phase and no data migration is allowed.
To minimize the impact to customers, we divide the system upgrade time into two sections: the uptime and the downtime (without logon). This customer was in the upgrade uptime phase; he can logon to the system but cannot do everything. According to below two SAP Notes, during this uptime phase, there are limitations including no data migration:
If the customer has going-live in the same period of a major upgrade, you need to plan accordingly and don't assume you can get everything done before Saturday.
References:
In the SAP Help it states: “SAP for Me offers a customizable dashboard view of the status of your SAP Cloud services. The dashboard provides real-time information on incidents (service disruptions, degradations) and scheduled maintenance and upgrade events occurring with your products. Based on your preferences and the possibility to choose and edit the home page to meet your needs, you have quick access to relevant information. Automatically adjusted to your time zone, the Cloud Service Availability features are designed to assist you with your systems”.
However, when you access SAP for Me directly, or follow the path: SAP for Me -> Systems & Provisioning -> Availability, there is no wording like “Cloud Availability Center”. But you are at the right place.
In the below figure, after you apply two filter values, Event Type == Major Upgrade, Cloud Service == SAP S/4HANA Cloud, you get the event notifications about 2402 Upgrade starting from February 17, 2024, at 05:00 local time.
At the time of this writing (April 9, 2024), the upgrade has occurred, so you can see an End Date and Time. When you click on the event notice EV28223884, you can see more info:
References:
To shorten the downtime of an upgrade process, the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition takes the advantage of available virtual machines to do the software upgrade (ABAP code in particular). This model reduces productive system downtime drastically. In average, the downtime for the production systems is reduced from 2-3 hours to 1 hour.
Let's digest the below picture together:
The blue green term is from the color of the illustration.
To avoid ABAP code changes to Version 1 (both blue and green schema) during copying and upgrading period, no transports are allowed. The transports are allowed only after the upgrade, and to the green Version 2 schema directly.
Roughly speaking, above Steps 1-4 are in uptime phase (business users can still run transactions), and Steps 5-6 are in downtime phase.
From Release 2105 HFC04, we introduced the Blue Green Software Deployment model for all 3-System Landscape system types and 2-System Landscape production systems, in applying patches/HFCs.
From Release 2202, we introduced the Blue-Green Software Deployment model for the Major Upgrades.
The concept of the blue-green deployment model was used in on-premises solution in the past (called near zero downtime maintenance, or NZDM) to a limited number of customers, due to the high cost of using the 2nd production scale server ($$$) for a short period of time. With widely available virtual machines for a short period of time in the cloud data center, this approach has been accepted as a normal process in upgrade operations.
Why the Blue Green Deployment Method applies to all system types (D, T and P systems) in 3-System Landscape, and only the production systems in 2-System Landscape?
Note: There are two flavors of the Blue Green Deployment Method: the SUM VZDO for the Major Upgrades, and the SOI for the patches/updates/HFCs. I won't elaborate further here or keep everybody's head spinning 😀.
References:
Please refer to below figure from SAP S/4HANA Cloud - Software Lifecycle Management for Customers (9/18/2023). Since the figure is quite complex, let me explain it for your easy consumption.
During the Test and Production System upgrades, there is no impact to the CBC System. The impact to the CBC system only occurs during the Dev System upgrade.
The entire upgrade process is conducted in several sections (using US as an example):
The impacts to the CBC System during the Development System Upgrade are:
During Starter/Partner Demo System Upgrade, the impact is the same as the Dev System Upgrade.
Reference:
Please refer to below figure from SAP S/4HANA Cloud - Software Lifecycle Management for Customers (9/18/2023). Since the figure is quite complex, let me explain it for your easy consumption.
From Release 2202, SAP has been using the Blue-Green Software Deployment Method (see above question) for upgrades and patches. This helps to keep the downtime as short as possible.
As shown in the above figure, 3SL D and P systems are being upgraded in the same weekend. So, we treat them the same unless noticed differently.
The entire upgrade process is conducted in several sections (using US as an example):
The impact to the ABAP system during the upgrades are:
Reference:
As a cloud solution, the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition undergoes major upgrades every six months, in February and August each year. Besides introduction of new innovations, there are many changes in the Identity and Access Management (IAM) area as well. After going-live and implementation consultants leaving the project, most customers overlooked the IAM area due to lack of resources and expertise. I have two relevant blogs filling this gap.
The first blog Review Business Role Changes before a Major Upgrade in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition intends to explain what you need to do before a major upgrade. Besides replacing deprecated Business Catalogs with their successors, the primary effort lies in understanding what is to be changed around Business Roles, especially those roles already used in the Production Tenant. Some decisions are to be made together with business users from the line of business.
The second blog is Review and Adapt Business Roles after a Major Upgrade in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. It explains the adaptation work of Business Roles after a major upgrade with examples. You need to roll up the sleeves to get the job done in the system.
References:
All upgrades are conducted during the weekend. For US customers, it starts from 10:00 UTC or 5:00 am ET on Saturday and ends at 10:00 UTC or 5:00 am ET on Sunday.
Customers will be notified about the upgrade six weeks before the Quality System upgrade.
Up to 2408 Upgrade
Reference:
There are three types of maintenance conducted to the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition systems:
Note: The longer patch window for non-productive systems in the 2-System Landscape is due to the usage of a standard deployment model, instead of the Blue Green Deployment Model.
b. 3SL: Patches are applied to all systems over one weekend. For example, in US, it starts from 4:00 UTC to 8:00 UTC on Sunday.
3. Infrastructure Maintenance – this maintenance covers hardware, network, etc. activities. It has a four-hour window. For example, in US, it is 4:00 – 8:00 UTC on Sunday.
References:
With each major upgrade, SAP releases many new innovations as well as retires some old business objects. How to minimize or be prepared for the “Day One Impact”? One way is to check the What’s New Viewer. There are more than 800 items listed for Release 2402 alone. You must be overwhelmed by this number!
There is a nice tool comes to your rescue: the Release Assessment and Scope Dependency (RASD) Version 2.0. This tool highlights the changes in Apps, APIs, CDS Views, and Business Catalogs relevant to your own systems ONLY. This immediately narrows down your work scope.
There are two ways to access the RASD:
Here is an example of the RASD output. We usually pay more attention to the production system; therefore you should use the filter to set Tenants = Production to further narrow down the scope.
There are many blogs discussing how to deal with the new, deleted/deprecated business objects. I list some of them for your convenience in the References.
References:
For each new major release, we have limitations regarding various features and functions, for example, key user imports, configurations, data migrations, product master creation, etc. You encounter errors like "Function locked, software update running in parallel". We advise customers to closely review these documents. Below are some of 2402 related Restriction Notes:
As our major upgrade process starts from the Test System, and then move to the Development and Production Systems after three weeks, it creates a release version inconsistency among them for three weeks. After the Test System is upgraded, it is at the Release N+1, while the other two systems are still at the Release N.
In this situation, the Transport Management System allows you to transport certain requests differently:
As you can see, the Key User Extensibility might run into a trouble. The details are explained in the below SAP Help.
Important: You can't import a transport created on Release N into Release N+2 and higher, which means you must recreate a new transport request in the development system.
Reference:
As answered in Questions 2 and 10, it takes 2-4 weeks to conduct a major upgrade in your system landscape, from Quality System to Production System (2 SL) or from the Test System to Development System and Production System (3SL). The reason is to give our customers sufficient time to prepare and react. This duration could be even longer based on the feedbacks we received from customers. For example, after the Test System is upgraded, we expect a thorough regression test is conducted, and any issues are raised and resolved either internally or with SAP. With that approach, we can keep the “Day One Impact” to a minimum, because after the Production System upgrade is done over the weekend, users are going to use the system on Monday immediately. You have no more opportunity to do one round of testing in the Production System.
References:
Yes. About six weeks before the Major Upgrade, SAP email the IT Contact person of your organization as well post an event notice in the SAP4Me.
In the following screenshot, you can see three notifications for 2402 Major Upgrade, and another three for 2408 (I use the Event Type filter here).
By clicking on EV23403387, we can see the clear information about the notice. It is a Major Upgrade for a Test System on July 28, 2024.
When you scroll down further, a copy of email sent to your IT Contact is displayed here as well:
As a Best Practice, we want our customers moving existing transport requests from the Development System to the Test and Production Systems (3SL), or from the Quality System to the Production System (2SL). The reason behind that is the software version compatibility. In the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, before a transport request can be imported, there is a compatibility check. You cannot move the content from Release N to Release N+2. Only from N to N or N to N+1 is allowed. This rule is strictly followed.
If your existing transport request within the Development System is older (for example at Release N, but Test System is at Release N+3), you need to recreate a transport request on the Development System which is at Release N+2 or N+3. Then the newly created transport request can be imported to the Test System, and subsequently to the Production System. When this happens, we advise you to move the newly created transport request right away to avoid facing the same situation again down the road.
Reference:
There are many things to do before the upgrade. Luckily, SAP Activate has a clear list for us already:
A good source of information is the What’s New Viewer. Four weeks before the Test Tenant upgrade, SAP publishes Preliminary What’s New documentation for the upcoming release. The formal What's New documentation is released after the system is upgraded. For a major upgrade like 2402, it has over 800 entries. By using the filter of “Valid as of”, “Line of Business”, “Solution Area”, etc., a user can find out the New or Changed information in his/her interest. We need to pay special attention to new functionalities, and new/deprecated apps. About business role changes, refer to my blog Review Business Role Changes before a Major Upgrade in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition.
References:
There are many things to be done after SAP completes the upgrade. Luckily, SAP Activate has a clear list for us already:
A good source of information is the What’s New Viewer. The final version of the What's New documentation is released after the system is upgraded. For a major upgrade like 2402, it has over 800 entries. By using the filter of “Valid as of”, “Line of Business”, “Solution Area”, etc., a user can find out the New or Changed information in his/her interest. We need to pay special attention to new functionalities, and new/deprecated apps. A thorough regression test on the Test/Quality System is a must. About business role changes, refer to my blog Review and Adapt Business Roles after a Major Upgrade in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition.
References:
Right after your Test System is upgraded (3SL), or your Quality System is upgraded (2SL), we strongly advise our customers to conduct a regression test. This test can be conducted with the Automatic Test Tool or by human testers. The intention is to discover potential issues so that you don’t have a Day One Impact on your production system.
In case an issue is discovered, and you need to report to SAP, please use the [R] prefix at the beginning of the ticket subject line to get sufficient attention from our support colleagues. We usually set aside support resources to address issues surfaced from the regression tests. There is only a 2–3-week window to get these issues resolved before production system upgrade. It is a joint effort between the customer and SAP to avoid any potential Day One Impact after the production system upgrade.
As the upgrade techniques get more matured, SAP operations team can shorten the upgrade time by 22 hours (!) from 2408 Upgrade. Here are the breaking downs:
For details, see my companion blog Understand Upgrading and Patching Processes of SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition.
You must be a registered user to add a comment. If you've already registered, sign in. Otherwise, register and sign in.
User | Count |
---|---|
23 | |
6 | |
4 | |
4 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 |